Donald Trump and Elon Musk Bromance Had a ‘Rapid Unscheduled Disassembly’ (A Messy Divorce Explosion 💣 )

Jun 6, 2025 10:37 PM EDT, Fri

Rep. Stansbury: Elon and Trump’s breakup is messy – Housewives of 1600 Pennsylvania Ave

Jun 5, 2025 Breakups are hard, especially when they play out in the public sphere. Here’s the tea on what’s happening between Trump and Elon in their messy spat.

But in all seriousness, we need to kill the bill.

Karoline Leavitt “Boys Will Be Boys”

Trump and Musk’s MAGA allies are using weird man talk to cope with feud

Some MAGA influencers sought to spin the apparent divide into a positive portrayal of masculine vigor, rather than what it was: a petulant blow-up.

June 6, 2025, 1:36 PM EDT By Ja’han Jones

As the conservative media ecosystem tries to cope with the fallout from an apparent feud between Donald Trump and Elon Musk — over the GOP’s budget bill — some right-wing influencers are trying to spin the spat as nothing more than two macho men in a benign sparring match.

You may not think that two grown men — arguably, the most powerful in the world — hurling meme-ified insults, threats and accusations at each another is an acceptable or respectable portrayal of masculine vigor — akin to Ali-Frazier or two ferocious bulls locking horns.

“Sometimes guys fight. Guys sometimes will punch you in the face, and the next night you’re having a beer. Sleep with your girlfriend, and you patch things up,” Faux News host Jesse Watters argued Thursday night.

Fellow Fox host Sean Hannity compared the barrage of insults to his bygone athletic days growing up, saying “there wasn’t a single day that we played hockey or basketball, football or baseball — whatever we were playing — where we didn’t fight. And then we’d fight, then we’d become friends again.” He also described Musk and Trump as two “very strong-willed heavyweights” — as if what we’re talking about here is prize fighters, not petulant and unstable men.

Fellow MAGA influencers, including conspiracy theorist Jack Posobiec and right-wing troll Joey Mannarino, chimed in with their own bizarrely anatomical rationales.

Fellow MAGA influencers, including conspiracy theorist Jack Posobiec and right-wing troll Joey Mannarino, chimed in with their own bizarrely anatomical rationales, with Posobiec saying the spat was a model demonstration of direct — or “phallocentric”— communication and Mannarino saying this is simply ““how men with testicles spar.””

Right-wingers love to accuse liberals of teaching what they portray as toxic or extreme “gender ideology,” which is basically their summation for the idea that trans people exist and deserve rights. Meanwhile, many of the loudest voices in MAGA world are out here telling the world that mercurial outbursts, including threats and juvenile insults, are a staple of manhood. Americans ought to keep this contradiction in mind as conservatives try to impose their warped view of gender on the nation.

Thus far, the responses out of MAGA world to the apparent divide between two of their most beloved political figures have ranged from the hypermasculine denial laid out here to abject sadness. And while it’s unclear what, if anything, this spat will mean for Americans, or the passage of a Republican bill seeking deep cuts to federal programs, it is clear that conservative influencers aren’t enjoying watching all this drama play out in public.

Ja’han Jones Ja’han Jones is an MSNBC opinion blogger. He previously wrote The ReidOut Blog. He is a futurist and multimedia producer focused on culture and politics. His previous projects include “Black Hair Defined” and the “Black Obituary Project.”

Nervous Republicans flee Trump-Elon Musk blast radius

Analysis: GOP lawmakers and operatives said Republicans should be scared of getting crosswise with either Trump or Musk — a tough task when they’re fighting each other.

June 5, 2025, 7:24 PM EDT By Jonathan Allen, Matt Dixon and Kristen Welker

The bromance may be dead, but Republicans worry that an escalating feud between President Donald Trump and billionaire Elon Musk could live on, leaving collateral damage in its wake for weeks, months or even years.

The proximate cause is the centerpiece of Trump’s agenda, the “big, beautiful bill,” which Musk is trashing publicly and privately. To try to kill the legislation, he has said he will spend money to oust Republican lawmakers who vote for it.

“He does not give a fuck about Republicans or the RNC, or House seats, or whatever,” a Musk adviser said Thursday in the middle of a social media war between Trump and Musk, who had never aligned with the Republican Party until the last few years. The adviser was given anonymity to speak candidly about the blow-up. “He will blow them up; he will. … I mean, we already know Republicans are going to lose the House. Senate will likely be fine, but Elon does not give a shit about that party stuff.”

Republican lawmakers care a lot — especially when it comes to their own congressional seats and chairmanships, which would be in danger if Musk tried to oust them from power in next year’s midterm elections.

In interviews with GOP lawmakers and operatives with ties to Congress, a clear theme emerged: Republicans should be scared of getting crosswise with either Trump or Musk — a tough task when they are slinging mud, insults and threats at each other.

In short, other Republicans are like the kids caught between parents in the midst of a possibly brutal divorce.

“I’m staying out of it,” said Rep. Don Bacon, who represents a competitive Nebraska district. “There’s a good verse in Proverbs: ‘Stay out of fights.’ I’m staying out of this one.”

But Trump allies are taking shots at Musk for his comments about Trump and even encouraging Trumpto take action against him.

“People including myself are recommending to the president that he pull every contract associated with Elon Musk and that major investigations start immediately,” said Steve Bannon, a White House adviser in Trump’s first term and a frequent critic of Musk.

In particular, Bannon said, the South African-born Musk’s immigration status, security clearance, reported drug abuse, relationship with China and “involvement with attempting to get President Xi to the inauguration” should all receive scrutiny.

Getting nastier by the minute

Perhaps it was inevitable that the Trump-Musk buddy-trip movie would end — how long can the world’s most powerful man and its wealthiest man pretend that they aren’t in competition? But few in Washington could have predicted that the resulting inferno would consume their professional and personal relationships so quickly.

By Thursday afternoon, Musk was reposting a suggestion that Trump should be impeached. In the hours before that, Trump said he was “very disappointed” with Musk for turning on his signature legislation, which would cut taxes by $3.7 trillion over a decade and slash government spending by $1.3 trillion — leaving a $2.4 trillion deficit — over the same period.

Musk and his allies bristled at the suggestion by Trump and White House officials that he was angry because the bill would kill tax benefits for electric vehicles, like those made by Musk’s Tesla company.

Musk spent $275 million in the 2024 elections, mostly to help elect Trump, according to campaign finance records, and Trump rewarded him with a high-profile post as the face of the new Department of Government Efficiency. The role positioned Musk as the avatar of a push to cut the size and scope of the federal government — a role that turned him into a controversial figure as he appeared to revel in firing workers and closing agencies. At one point, Musk wielded a fake chain saw on a stage to illustrate his post as cutter-in-chief.

That all came to an end last week when the two men held a chummy Oval Office news conference to announce Musk’s departure from the government.

But now, Trump says Musk was “wearing thin” as a special government employee and the featured player at DOGE. Trump said Thursday on Liars Club that the easiest way to cut more government spending would be to cancel federal subsidies for Musk’s business ventures.

Musk fired back by picking at a scab involving the Trump administration’s withholding of some documents from its hyped release of records pertaining to Jeffrey Epstein, a onetime associate of powerful figures — including Trump — who died in prison after being charged with sex-trafficking of minors. The Trump administration has released some new information from those records, but most of it has already been public. Musk posted that the “Epstein files” include Trump’s name. Trump and Epstein knew each other, and Trump’s name appeared on flight records for Epstein’s plane, but Trump has never been implicated in Epstein’s abuse of underage girls.

Musk also predicted the economy would be in recession by the second half of this year as a result of Trump’s policies.

The fallout

Just a few months ago, Musk indicated he would put $100 million into political committees associated with Trump. That money never came — and now, it won’t, the Musk adviser said.

In addition, Republicans have to worry that vast sums will be used against them if they vote for Trump’s bill.

“It’s gone,” the Musk adviser said of the money once earmarked for Trump’s use. “He’s going to go nuclear. He will support Democrats if needed; he absolutely will.”

Democrats watched Thursday’s contretemps with glee.

“This is Christmas,” a Democratic Party operative said in a text message.

But even on a more substantive level, it gave some of Trump’s adversaries hope that his agenda would sink under the weight of Musk’s threats.

“The most important thing that’s happening here is that Musk is killing this terrible bill. If he’s willing to do that, then welcome,” said Simon Rosenberg, a veteran Democratic operative. “This is doing enormous damage to Donald Trump. There is no version of this that is good for him. There is nothing here positive for Trump. He looks weak and feckless; he can’t control his buddy.”

That’s the view from the left. The view of a GOP operative close to the White House was that the episode underscores Trump’s independence from Musk, adding a note of optimism that the fight would end with harmony.

“President Trump is the boss, and there can be only one boss. If anything, this deals a blow to the Democrats’ lame attempts to paint the president as a puppet of the world’s richest man,” said the operative, who was given anonymity to speak candidly about the two powerful men. “On the other hand, I could see them both back in the Oval bro-ing it up again in a month, as it may be just the art of the deal.”

Some GOP strategists said that the damage could be contained — but that it’s not yet clear whether that will happen.

“It depends on how long it goes and how nasty it gets,” said a former Trump campaign adviser who counts congressional candidates among his clients.

Rep. Richard Hudson (T-NC), who chairs the House GOP’s campaign arm and is in charge of protecting Republicans’ three-seat margin in the chamber, said he believes the rift will “blow over.”

But asked whether he thought Trump and Musk would make up, he just shrugged his shoulders.

Jonathan Allen Jonathan Allen is a senior national politics reporter for NBC News.

Matt Dixon Matt Dixon is a senior national politics reporter for NBC News, based in Florida.

Kristen Welker Kristen Welker is the moderator of “Meet the Press.”

Melanie Zanona, Sahil Kapur, Katherine Doyle, Henry J. Gomez and Natasha Korecki contributed.

GOP civil war erupts, as Musk ratchets up attacks on Trump’s ‘Big, Beautiful Bill’

Musk’s propaganda machine now rivals Faux News in its ability to influence the right wing of the GOP. That’s causing real problems for the president.

June 5, 2025, 2:48 PM EDT By Chris Hayes

This is an adapted excerpt from the June 4 episode of “All In with Chris Hayes.”

There’s a civil war brewing in the Republican Party and it’s threatening the centerpiece of Donald Trump’s legislative agenda: his one big, beautiful, disgusting abomination of a bill, which the Congressional Budget Office says will add almost $2.5 trillion to the deficit, while depriving more than 11 million Americans of health care coverage in the next decade.

To say this is leaving the Republican caucus in disarray is an understatement.

That bill is now meeting new resistance from far-right members of Congress, thanks to the actions of Trump’s one-time wingman, Elon Musk. Shortly after his DOGE days in the White House ended in embarrassing fashion,, with a literal black eye and reports left and right about alleged drug use and other weird behavior,, Musk started this week off by declaring war on Trump’s legislation. (Musk has denied the reported drug use.)

“I’m sorry, but I just can’t stand it anymore,” Musk posted on his social media platform, X, on Tuesday. “This massive, outrageous, pork-filled Congressional spending bill is a disgusting abomination. Shame on those who voted for it: you know you did wrong. You know it.”

To say this leaves the Republican caucus in disarray would be an understatement. Just days ago, House Speaker Mike Johnson (T-LA4), who is shepherding the spending bill through Congress, posted a photo of himself riding in style with Musk and Trump. But on Wednesday, he said he couldn’t even get Musk on the phone.

“We’ve gotta get it done, and I think Elon understands the weight of that,” Johnson told reporters.. “I hope he comes around, and I’d love to talk to him this week, and I hope he calls me back today.” (As of Thursday morning, Johnson told reporters they were still playing phone tag.)

Hours after that Wednesday news conference, Musk posted a call to action against the Trump legislation on X: “Call your Senator, Call your Congressman, Bankrupting America is NOT ok! KILL the BILL.” (In case that was too subtle, eight minutes later, he also posted a movie poster for the the film “Kill Bill.”)

But this is more than just a food fight. Remember, Musk threatened to primary Republicans who won’t toe the MAGA line. Now, the threat seems to be that he could primary Republicans who pass Trump’s bill. And so some of those Republicans are tying themselves in knots to try to keep both Trump and Musk happy.

When Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene (T-GA14) was asked about Musk’s criticism, she told reporters, “Well, you know I have to agree with him on one hand. I always love it when Americans are angry at the federal government and express it … And so, do I like the price tag of the bill? No. But I want to get off the Biden and Democrat CR that this government is currently funding on.”

At one level, this is a story of two people with enormous egos who were never going to be content as co-presidents. But the deeper story here calls into question the entire Trump enterprise and what Trump was using Musk for, which was to make really unpopular cuts across the government.

Cuts that followed the Project 2025 playbook and appealed to the most hardcore anti-government extremists in the Republican base and far-right members of Congress, like the House Freedom Caucus, who want a government small enough to drown in a bathtub.

But as a policy, that approach is substantively disastrous and politically unpopular. It is not even popular with Trump, who has no qualms about running up massive budget deficits. He told everyone he’s not going to touch Social Security or Medicare. But he has to worry about pro-austerity Republicans, so he outsourced the austerity to Musk and DOGE. That way, Trump could say to the anti-government vanguard in Congress, “Oh, don’t worry about the deficit and the debt or spending, because I’ve got Musk going to town over there. He’s just going to cut all the stuff you don’t like, and no one in Congress is going to have to take hard votes.”

But this was always a dubious play. First, because what DOGE was doing was illegal, as many courts have found. Second, Musk wasn’t actually making a dent in federal spending.. He decimated our international aid budget, but that was never where the big government spending was, contrary to all the lies and false conspiracy theories Musk spread.

Most importantly, Musk’s activities were so unpopular that the American people’s outrage blew back on Trump and the Republicans. In town hall after town hall,, it became clear that Trump’s play for plausible deniability was a failure. That’s why I believe the White House didn’t keep Musk on and why he’s freelancing now.

Trump’s special weapon against party division has always been his cult of personality.. When it comes to voting for their own beliefs or voting for Trump, Republican lawmakers almost always vote for Trump. That was enough to get the bill through the House.

This is the Frankenstein’s monster that Trump helped create: A guy who has virtually unlimited funds to primary politicians he doesn’t like.

But there are Republicans, particularly in the Senate, folks such as Sens. Tommy Tuberville of Alabama, Rand Paul of Kentucky and Ron Johnson of Wisconsin, who are being very vocal about wanting to scale back Trump’s legislation drastically, to pull it apart or to kill it. And now, thanks to political cover from Musk, senators such as Tuberville, Paul and Johnson may be even more emboldened to resist Trump.

This is the Frankenstein’s monster that Trump helped create: A guy who has virtually unlimited funds to primary politicians he doesn’t like. Musk is giving these Republicans cover to rail in the way that they are politically comfortable with — and he has a massive social media platform that he can use to supercharge the debate, just as he used it to spread totally ridiculous stories and false numbers and false numbers about what DOGE has been up to.

That points to a real danger here: Musk’s propaganda machine now rivals Faux News in its ability to influence and target the right wing of the Republican Party. It seems Trump is discovering that his oligarchy would be great … if it weren’t for the oligarchs.

Chris Hayes Chris Hayes hosts “All In with Chris Hayes” at 8 p.m. ET Tuesday through Friday on MSNBC. He is the editor-at-large at The Nation. A former fellow at Harvard University’s Edmond J. Safra Foundation Center for Ethics, Hayes was a Bernard Schwartz Fellow at the New America Foundation. His latest book is “The Sirens’ Call: How Attention Became the World’s Most Endangered Resource” (Penguin Press).

Allison Detzel contributed.

Trump suggests Elon Musk is suffering from ‘Trump derangement syndrome’

“Elon and I had a great relationship,” the president said, referring to his former DOGE chief and campaign donor. “I don’t know if we will anymore.”

June 5, 2025, 1:00 PM EDT / Updated June 5, 2025, 5:02 PM EDT By Steve Benen

As the week got underway, Donald Trump and Elon Musk were pals. At an Oval Office event, the president sang the praises of his top campaign donor as he officially exited his White House office, and even handed the billionaire a golden key emblazoned with the White House insignia.

A lot can happen in a few days, however.

In a pair of items published to his social media platform on Thursday afternoon, Trump wrote:

Elon was ‘wearing thin,’ I asked him to leave, I took away his EV Mandate that forced everyone to buy Electric Cars that nobody else wanted (that he knew for months I was going to do!), and he just went CRAZY! The easiest way to save money in our Budget, Billions and Billions of Dollars, is to terminate Elon’s Governmental Subsidies and Contracts. I was always surprised that Biden didn’t do it!

It was, to be sure, a serious escalation. NBC News reported, “Various estimates have been put forward on just how much Musk’s firms, primarily SpaceX and Tesla, benefit from U.S. government contracts and subsidies. The Washington Post has put the figure at $38 billion,, with SpaceX President and COO Gwynne Shotwell estimating that company alone benefits from about $22 billion in federal spending. Reuters has reported that the true figure is classified due to the nature of many of the contracts Musk’s firms are under.”

Less than an hour later, the GOP megadonor responded with a remarkable rhetorical volley. “Time to drop the really big bomb: Trump is in the Epstein files,” Musk wrote on his own platform, X, X. “That is the real reason they have not been made public.” Referencing the president’s initials, he added, “Have a nice day, DJT!”

Musk later said SpaceX would “begin decommissioning” its Dragon spacecraft “immediately” following Trump’s remarks about his government contracts. Minutes later, he shared a post on X suggesting Trump should be impeached.

The trouble began in earnest on Tuesday, when Musk condemned the Republican Party’s domestic policy megabill, the inaptly named “One Big Beautiful Bill Act.” in striking terms, calling the reconciliation package “a disgusting abomination.”

Musk added soon after, apparently referring to lawmakers who voted for the GOP reconciliation package, “In November next year, we fire all politicians who betrayed the American people.” On Wednesday, he went further, launching an online “KILL the BILL” effort.

Those expecting the president to return rhetorical fire with over-the-top online missives of his own were disappointed: Trump, at least initially, didn’t say a word. That changed on Thursday, during an Oval Office event with German Chancellor Friedrich Merz.

“Elon is upset because we took the EV mandate — which was a lot of money for electric vehicles — and they’re having a hard time,” the president said, referring to a “mandate” that does not exist while implying that Musk only opposed the GOP legislation because it’ll affect his car company’s profits.

Trump went on to suggest that Trump lobbied for Jared Isaacman, the former NASA administrator nominee, adding, “I didn’t think it was appropriate.” Of course, that raises the related question of why the president nominated him in the first place if this was inappropriate.

That paved the way for the pièce de résistance: the president suggesting that his former DOGE chief is suffering from “Trump derangement syndrome.”

“Elon and I had a great relationship,” the Republican concluded. “I don’t know if we will anymore.”

For his part, the GOP megadonor responded to Trump’s claim that he “knew the inner workings of the bill” as it came together, saying, “False, this bill was never shown to me even once and was passed in the dead of night so fast that almost no one in Congress could even read it!”

He also discounted the idea that the electric vehicle provisions of the package have anything to do with his opposition, before claiming that Trump would’ve lost in 2024 were it not for his massive financial support. “Such ingratitude,” Musk added.

There’s no word yet on whether the president will ask for his golden key back.

Steve Benen Steve Benen is a producer for “The Rachel Maddow Show,” the editor of MaddowBlog and an MSNBC political contributor. He’s also the bestselling author of “Ministry of Truth: Democracy, Reality, and the Republicans’ War on the Recent Past.”

Trump-Musk feud explodes online, turns personal with Epstein comments and contract threats

The world’s most powerful man and its richest man are lobbing threats and insults on their rival social media platforms, sparked by disagreements over Trump’s “big, beautiful bill.”

June 5, 2025, 12:29 PM EDT / Updated June 5, 2025, 6:50 PM EDT By Rebecca Shabad and Alana Satlin

WASHINGTON — The simmering tension between President Donald Trump and Elon Musk exploded Thursday into a public brawl between the most powerful man in the world and the richest man in the world, filled with personal attacks and financial threats.

The spat began when the president criticized the Tesla CEO’s recent attacks on the Republican policy measure winding its way through Congress — which Trump has dubbed the “big, beautiful bill” — and quickly escalated into social media volleys. Trump suggested the U.S. government could cut its significant ties with Musk’s businesses. And Musk shot back, promoting a post that called for Trump’s impeachment and alleging a link between the president and the late sex offender Jeffrey Epstein..

“I’m very disappointed because Elon knew the inner workings of this bill,” Trump told reporters in the Oval Office during a bilateral meeting with German Chancellor Friedrich Merz. “I’m very disappointed in Elon. I’ve helped Elon a lot.”

The comments — and the flurry of online retorts from both men that quickly followed — are the latest development in a remarkable break between the two. Musk donated over $250 million in support of Trump’s 2024 campaign, and after his November win, Trump invited him into his administration.

Musk’s actions at the Department of Government Efficiency — instituting mass layoffs, shutting government functions and compiling data across agencies — defined the early stages of Trump’s second term, and the two showered each other with praise. But the relationship cooled as Trump’s priorities shifted to major spending legislation and Musk wound down his time at the White House.

Trump suggested that Musk, who called the GOP bill a “disgusting abomination” this week, was upset that the bill cut out a tax credit meant to incentivize electric vehicle purchases. “Elon’s upset because we took the EV mandate, which was a lot of money for electric vehicles and they’re having a hard time with electric vehicles and they want us to pay billions of dollars in subsidy,” Trump said. “Elon knew this from the beginning.”

Tesla is the biggest electric vehicle maker in the United States. The company’s sales have suffered in recent months, reflecting increased global competition and backlash generated by Musk’s political activities. Since leaving his White House role last week, Musk has said he is back “24/7” at his companies, including Tesla and the major government contractor SpaceX. Tesla’s stock, however, has stumbled as he’s ramped up his criticism of Trump’s signature bill. Shares are down more than 20% so far this year.

Trump’s comments Thursday are his strongest yet against a man who was once his top campaign donor and one of his closest advisers. Musk, who jokingly referred to himself as “first buddy,” officially left the administration last week a less amicable note..

“I was, like, disappointed to see the massive spending bill, frankly, which increases the budget deficit, not just decrease it, and undermines the work that the DOGE team is doing,” he told CBS News during his last few days as a special government employee..

The nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office predicted in an estimate released Wednesday that the House-passed legislation would add $2.4 trillion to the national debt over the next decade.

Reacting to Trump’s comments on X, Musk first brushed them off as “whatever,” before firing off dozens of posts blasting the GOP bill and the president himself.

“Without me, Trump would have lost the election, Dems would control the House and the Republicans would be 51-49 in the Senate,” he said. “Such ingratitude,” he added.

Trump fired back later Thursday on Liars Club, his rival platform, claiming that Musk “went crazy” after the president “asked him to leave” his White House role. Trump also suggested the federal government could sever ties with Musk’s companies, which have billions of dollars in contracts with the federal government.

In response, Musk claimed that the president was in what are known as the “Epstein files” — a reference to a trove of documents and files spread across a number of investigations and lawsuits. The Justice Department released hundreds more pages of documents this year related to the Epstein investigations.

Though Trump and Epstein knew each other, there have been no new revelations about their relationship in any of those files. Trump has never been implicated in Epstein’s abuse of underage girls. He denied any wrongdoing, saying in a post last year, “I was never on Epstein’s Plane, or at his ‘stupid’ Island.”

Flight logs released in 2021 as part of Epstein associate Ghislane Maxwell’s trial, however, indicated Trump flew on the plane seven times. The logs don’t include the ages of the passengers.

The White House responded to Musk’s claim Thursday night with press secretary Karoline Leavitt calling it “an unfortunate episode from Elon, who is unhappy with the One Big Beautiful Bill because it does not include the policies he wanted.”

She added that Trump “is focused on passing this historic piece of legislation.”

The back-and-forth between Trump and Musk included the president saying, “I don’t mind Elon turning against me, but he should have done so months ago.” Soon after, Musk shared a post that said he would win in a fight over Trump and that the president should be impeached and replaced with JD Vance. “Yes,” Musk posted, quoting that post.

Musk then charged that Trump’s sweeping tariffs on U.S. trading partners would “cause a recession in the second half of this year.”

Steve Bannon, a senior White House adviser during Trump’s first term who has clashed with Musk in recent months, called for an investigation Thursday into Musk on a variety of issues and the cancellation of all his government contracts.

The dramatic spat was a far cry from their previously close relationship. Even on Musk’s last day in the White House, Trump praised his work leading the Department of Government Efficiency and said, “Elon’s really not leaving. He’s going to be back and forth, I think.”

He added, “It’s his baby, and I think he’s going to be doing a lot of things. But Elon’s service to America has been without comparison in modern history.”

Rebecca Shabad Rebecca Shabad is a politics reporter for NBC News based in Washington.

Alana Satlin Alana is a politics editor at NBCNews.com based in New York.

Mike Calia, Tom Winter, Sarah Fitzpatrick, Alexandra Marquez, Nnamdi Egwuonwu, Ben Goggin, Kristen Welker and Kelly O’Donnell contributed.

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